If your athlete is earning NIL income, this is the brief you need. Tax obligations, deal review, infrastructure support, and how to be helpful without creating compliance risk.
NIL income earned by your athlete is self-employment income regardless of who manages it, negotiates it, or deposits it. If you co-sign a deal, receive payments, or negotiate on behalf of your athlete, there may be tax implications for you as well. In some states, parents who act as agents for their athlete can trigger compliance issues. This page is the brief every parent needs before a money conversation starts.
Your athlete's NIL income is theirs. But the financial infrastructure (LLC, bank account, CPA, quarterly taxes) requires adult engagement to set up correctly, especially if your athlete is a minor or in their first year of college. The most helpful role for a parent is infrastructure support, not deal negotiation.
If your athlete is in high school: NIL rules for minors vary significantly by state. Do not rely on college rules. Check your specific state's high school athletics association policy before any commercial activity begins.
The two most common mistakes from parent involvement: spending NIL income without reserving for taxes, and encouraging athletes to sign deals quickly without reading every clause. A parent who introduces urgency into a signing process often causes more damage than one who encourages patience.